What does random sampling ensure regarding the target population?

Random sampling is a critical technique in research that ensures every member of the target population has an equal chance of being selected to participate in the study. This method is fundamental because it promotes fairness and helps reduce bias in the sampling process. By giving each individual an equal opportunity to be included, random sampling enhances the generalizability of the study's results to the broader population, making the findings more representative and reliable.

In contrast, other methods of selection, such as convenience sampling or selecting from specific groups, compromise the random nature of sample selection, leading to potential biases. In these cases, the sample may not accurately reflect the diversity and characteristics of the entire target population. By ensuring that every member has an equal chance, researchers can draw more accurate and valid conclusions from their data.